Isaiah 10:22

"For though thy population, O Israel, should be as the sand of the sea, (only) a remnant in it shall turn (and be saved)." (Cf. Hosea 1:10; Genesis 22:17.)

the consumption decreed … righteousness Render: extermination is decreed overflowing in righteousness. The "extermination" is the judgment which reduces the teeming population of Israel to a mere remnant; this will be an overwhelming manifestation of Jehovah's judicial righteousness (see on ch. Isaiah 1:27). It seems impossible to take this clause in a consolatory sense, as if the verb "decreed" expressed the limitation fixed for the judgment. The very similar phraseology of the next verse, compared with ch. Isaiah 28:22, shews that the threatening aspect of the decree is prominent.

Isaiah 10:23. The verse reads: For an extermination and a decisive work is the Lord Jehovah of Hosts about to execute in the midst of the whole earth (or land): cf. ch. Isaiah 28:22. The phrase "extermination and decisive work" is repeated in Daniel 9:27 (cf. Daniel 11:36). The word for "decisive" is from the verb rendered "decreed" in last verse.

Isaiah 10:24. In view of this ultimate prospect, the prophet turns with a message of consolation to the believing kernel of the nation.