What then?

(τ ουν?). Since God did not push Israel away (verse Romans 11:1), what is true?The election

(η εκλογη). Abstract for concrete (the elect).Obtained

(επετυχεν). Second aorist active indicative of επιτυγχανω, old verb, to hit upon, only here in Paul. See Romans 9:30-33 for the failure of the Jews.Were hardened

(επωρωθησαν). First aorist passive indicative of πωροω, late verb, to cover with thick skin (πωρος). See on 2 Corinthians 3:14; Mark 3:5.

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Old Testament