Romans 11:1

I say then [λ ε γ ω ο υ ν]. Then introduces the question as an inference from the whole previous discussion, especially vers. 19 - 21.

Hath God cast away [μ η α π ω σ α τ ο ο θ ε ο ς]. A negative answer required. "Surely God has not, has He?" The aorist tense points to a definite act. Hence Rev., better, did God cast off. The verb means literally to thrust or shove. Thus Homer, of Sisyphus pushing his stone before him (" Odyssey, "11, 596). Oedipus says :" I charge you that no one shelter or speak to that murderer, but that all thrust him [ω θ ε ι ν] from their homes "(" Oedipus Tyrannus," 241).

People [λ α ο ν]. See on 1 Peter 2:9; Acts 13:17.

An Israelite, etc. See on Philippians 3:5. Paul adduces his own case first, to show that God has not rejected His people en masse. An Israelite of pure descent, he is, nevertheless a true believer.