Ye rich men; for the class of persons addressed.

That shall come upon you; on account of your sins, especially the wicked manner in which you have obtained and used riches. There is a reference here and in verses James 5:3; James 5:5, to the awful calamity that was about to come upon the Jewish people, and in which these rich men would be involved in common with the rest of their country-men. But this is not the full meaning of the words. That judgment shadowed forth the more dreadful retributions that shall overtake all sinners at the last day.

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Old Testament