τὸ καλὸν ὄνομα. Not the name of ‘Christian,’ as some have thought, but the name of Jesus Christ into [or in] which they had been baptized; see the first instance of baptism, Acts 2:38, βαπτισθήτω ἕκαστος ὑμῶν ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ εἰς ἄφεσιν τῶν ἁμαρτιῶν ὑμῶν. Usually εἰς τὸ ὄνομα, Matthew 28:19; Acts 8:16; 1 Corinthians 1:15, and frequently.

The use of the word βλασφημεῖν implies the divine character of the name.

τὸ ἐπικληθὲν ἐφʼ ὑμᾶς, called or invoked upon you at baptism. Comp. Jeremiah 14:9 καὶ τὸ ὄνομά σου ἐπικέκληται ἐφʼ ἡμᾶς. See also Deuteronomy 28:10; 2 Chronicles 6:33; 2 Chronicles 7:14; Amos 9:12. These instances associate with the expression the thoughts of ownership and service. A freedman bore his master’s name and soldiers that of their general, especially the bodyguard of an emperor, as Augustiani, Commodiani. To these may be added Sebastianus, a soldier in the bodyguard of Diocletian (Σέβαστος being the Greek equivalent of Augustus). So Christiani, soldiers of Christ the King.

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Old Testament