Ephesians 6:23

εἰρήνη τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς καὶ ἀγάπη μετὰ πίστεως : peace be to the brethren and love with faith. Paul's benedictions are usually addressed directly to the reader, μεθʼ ὑμῶν or some similar form being employed. This one is addressed to the brethren in the third person, as is perhaps more appropriate in a circular letter. There is nothing to favour Wieseler's notion that in the ἀδελφοῖς Jewish Christians are saluted, while the πάντων in Ephesians 6:24 refers to Gentile Christians. εἰρήνη, not = concord one with another, but = the OT שָׁלו̇ם in salutations or farewells, = “may it be well with the brethren”; with the Christian connotation, however, of well-being as mental peace and good due to reconciliation with God. In his expression of what he would have them enjoy he couples with the blessing of a new mental peace that also of love the Christian grace of love, that is to say, and such love as is associated with faith (μετὰ πίστεως). μετά, as distinguished from αύν, expresses the simple idea of accompanying. So here it is not “love and faith,” but, faith being presupposed as making the Christian, it is love which goes with faith, not the Divine love (Beng., etc.), but the brotherly love which shows itself where faith is and by which faith works (Galatians 5:6). ἀπὸ Θεοῖ πατρὸς καὶ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ : from God the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ. The two-fold source of the blessings desired for the reader God as Father, the Father of Christ Himself, the causa principalis and fons primarius; Christ as Lord, Head over all with a sovereignty which is founded in God (1 Corinthians 11:3; Philippians 2:9; Ephesians 1:17), as causa medians and fons secundarius. The phrase occurs again (though with some variations in the readings) in 2 Timothy 1:2; Titus 1:4. In the opening salutation it is “God our Father”. Here the relation of God to Christ is more in view, in respect of their joint-bestowal of spiritual blessings.