THE REVELATION (αποκαλυψις). Late and rare word outside of N.T. (once in Plutarch and so in the vernacular _Koine_), only once in the Gospels (Lucas 2:32), but in LXX and common in the Epistles (2 Tesalonicenses 1:7), though only here in this book besides the title, from αποκαλυπτω, old verb, to... [ Seguir leyendo ]
BARE WITNESS (εμαρτυρησεν). First aorist active indicative of μαρτυρεω, which, along with μαρτυς and μαρτυρια, is common in all the Johannine books (cf. Apocalipsis 22:18; Apocalipsis 22:20), usually with περ or οτ, but with cognate accusative as here in Apocalipsis 22:16; Apocalipsis 22:20; 1 Ju... [ Seguir leyendo ]
BLESSED (μακαριος). As in Mateo 5:3. This endorses the book as a whole.HE THAT READETH (ο αναγινωσκων). Present active singular articular participle of αναγινωσκω (as in Lucas 4:16). Christians in their public worship followed the Jewish custom of public reading of the Scriptures (2 Corintios 3... [ Seguir leyendo ]
TO THE SEVEN CHURCHES WHICH ARE IN ASIA (ταις επτα εκκλησιαις ταις εν τη Ασια). Dative case as in a letter (Gálatas 1:1). John is writing, but the revelation is from God and Christ through an angel. It is the Roman province of Asia which included the western part of Phrygia. There were churches a... [ Seguir leyendo ]
WHO IS THE FAITHFUL WITNESS (ο μαρτυς ο πιστος). "The witness the faithful," nominative in apposition like πρωτοτοκος and αρχων with the preceding ablative Ιησου Χριστου with απο, a habit of John in this book (apparently on purpose) as in Apocalipsis 2:13; Apocalipsis 2:20; Apocalipsis 3:12, etc.... [ Seguir leyendo ]
AND HE MADE (κα εποιησεν). Change from the participle construction, which would be κα ποιησαντ (first aorist active of ποιεω) like λυσαντ just before, a Hebraism Charles calls it, but certainly an anacoluthon of which John is very fond, as in Apocalipsis 1:18; Apocalipsis 2:2; Apocalipsis 2:9; Apo... [ Seguir leyendo ]
BEHOLD, HE COMETH WITH THE CLOUDS (ιδου ερχετα μετα των νεφελων). Futuristic present middle indicative of ερχομα, a reminiscence of Daniel 7:13 (Theodotion). "It becomes a common eschatological refrain" (Beckwith) as in Marco 13:26; Marco 14:62; Mateo 24:30; Mateo 26:64; Lucas 21:27. Compare the... [ Seguir leyendo ]
THE ALPHA AND THE OMEGA (το Αλφα κα το Ο). The first and the last letters of the Greek alphabet, each with its own neuter (grammatical gender) article. This description of the eternity of God recurs in Apocalipsis 21:6 with the added explanation η αρχη κα το τελος (the Beginning and the End) and... [ Seguir leyendo ]
I JOHN (Εγω Ιωανης). So Apocalipsis 22:8. In apocalyptic literature the personality of the writer is always prominent to guarantee the visions (Daniel 8:1; Daniel 10:2).PARTAKER WITH YOU (συνκοινωνος). See already 1 Corintios 9:23. "Co-partner with you" (Romanos 11:17). One article with αδελφος... [ Seguir leyendo ]
I WAS IN THE SPIRIT (εγενομην εν πνευματ). Rather, "I came to be (as in Apocalipsis 1:9) in the Spirit," came into an ecstatic condition as in Hechos 10:10; Hechos 22:17, not the normal spiritual condition (εινα εν πνευματ, Romanos 8:9).ON THE LORD'S DAY (εν τη κυριακη ημερα). Deissmann has prov... [ Seguir leyendo ]
WRITE IN A BOOK (γραψον εις βιβλιον). First aorist active imperative of γραφω for instantaneous action. The commission covers the whole series of visions which all grow out of this first vision of the Risen Christ.SEND (πεμψον). First aorist active imperative of πεμπω. Part of the commission fr... [ Seguir leyendo ]
TO SEE THE VOICE (βλεπειν την φωνην). The voice put for the person speaking.HAVING TURNED (επιστρεψας). First aorist active participle of επιστρεφω, from which also επεστρεψα, just before, for which verb see Hechos 15:36; Hechos 16:18.SEVEN GOLDEN CANDLESTICKS (επτα λυχνιας χρυσας). See Mateo... [ Seguir leyendo ]
ONE LIKE UNTO A SON OF MAN (ομοιον υιον ανθρωπου). Note accusative here with ομοιον (object of ειδον) as in Apocalipsis 14:14 and not the associative-instrumental as is usual (Apocalipsis 1:15; Apocalipsis 4:3; Apocalipsis 4:6). Charles holds that ομοιον here has the sense of ως (as) and compare... [ Seguir leyendo ]
AS WHITE WOOL (ως εριον λευκον). Εριον (wool) in N.T. only here and Hebreos 9:19, though old word. The person of the Lord Jesus is here described in language largely from Daniel 7:9 (the Ancient of Days).WHITE AS SNOW (ως χιων). Just "as snow," also in Daniel 7:9. In N.T. only here and Mateo 28... [ Seguir leyendo ]
BURNISHED BRASS (χαλκολιβανω). Associative-instrumental case after ομοιο. This word has so far been found nowhere else save here and Apocalipsis 2:18. Suidas defines it as an ηλεχκτρον (amber) or a compound of copper and gold and silver (_aurichalcum_ in the Latin Vulgate). It is in reality an un... [ Seguir leyendo ]
AND HE HAD (κα εχων). "And having," present active participle of εχω, loose use of the participle (almost like ειχε, imperfect) and not in agreement with αυτου, genitive case. This is a common idiom in the book; a Hebraism, Charles calls it.IN HIS RIGHT HAND (εν τη δεξια χειρ). For safe keeping... [ Seguir leyendo ]
I FELL (επεσα). Late form for the old επεσον (second aorist active indicative of πιπτω, to fall). Under the over-powering influence of the vision as in Apocalipsis 19:10.HE LAID (εθηκεν). First aorist active indicative of τιθημ. The act restored John's confidence.FEAR NOT (μη φοβου). Cf. Luca... [ Seguir leyendo ]
AND I WAS DEAD (κα εγενομην νεκρος). "And I be came dead" (aorist middle participle of γινομα as in Apocalipsis 1:9; Apocalipsis 1:10, definite reference to the Cross).I AM ALIVE (ζων ειμ). Periphrastic present active indicative, "I am living," as the words ο ζων just used mean.FOREVERMORE (ε... [ Seguir leyendo ]
THEREFORE (ουν). In view of Christ's words about himself in verse Apocalipsis 1:18 and the command in verse Apocalipsis 1:11.WHICH THOU SAWEST (α ειδες). The vision of the Glorified Christ in verses Apocalipsis 1:13-18.THE THINGS WHICH ARE (α εισιν). Plural verb (individualising the items) th... [ Seguir leyendo ]
THE MYSTERY OF THE SEVEN STARS (το μυστηριον των επτα αστερων). On the word μυστηριον see on Mateo 13:11; 2 Tesalonicenses 2:7; Colosenses 1:26. Here it means the inner meaning (the secret symbol) of a symbolic vision (Swete) as in Apocalipsis 10:7; Apocalipsis 13:18; Apocalipsis 17:7; Apocalips... [ Seguir leyendo ]