Leviticus 4:1

_AND THE LORD SPAKE UNTO MOSES, SAYING,_ No JFB commentary on this verse....

After Moses had treated of the offerings and other sacrifices, which were testimonies of gratitude and exercises of piety, he now descends to the sin-offering (_expiationem _) which held the chief place amongst the sacrifices, inasmuch as, without reconciliation, there could never be any intercourse between men and God; for since He deservedly abominates the whole human race on account of the corruption of our nature, and because we all continually provoke His wrath, the whole hope of salvation must needs be founded on the remedies provided for propitiating Him. This principle, being established, we must remember that Moses will henceforth speak of the expiatory sacrifices which propitiate God to men by the removal of their guilt. He here shews how God is to be appeased, where a man shall have sinned through ignorance or inconsiderateness; wherein too a distinction is laid down between d...

1-12 Burnt-offerings, meat-offerings, and peace-offerings, had been offered before the giving of the law upon mount Sinai; and in these the patriarchs had respect to sin, to make atonement for it. But the Jews were now put into a way of making atonement for sin, more particularly by sacrifice, as a shadow of good things to come; yet the substance is Christ, and that one offering of himself, by which he put away sin. The sins for which the sin-offerings were appointed are supposed to be open acts. They are supposed to be sins of commission, things which ought not to have been done. Omissions are sins, and must come into judgment: yet what had been omitted at one time, might be done at another; but a sin committed was past recall. They are supposed to be sins committed through ignorance. The law begins with the case of the anointed priest. It is evident that God never had any infallible p...

CHAPTER IV _The law concerning the sin-offering for transgressions committed_ _through ignorance_, 1, 2. _For the_ priest _thus sinning_, 3-12. _For the sins of ignorance of the whole_ congregation, 13-21. _For the sins of ignorance of a_ ruler, 22-26. _For the sins of ignorance of any of the_ common people, 27-35. NOTES ON CHAP. IV....

AND THE LORD SPAKE ... ISRAEL - This formula is the commencement of a distinct section of the Law. Leviticus 4:2 IF A SOUL SHALL SIN - The sin-offering was a new thing, instituted by the Law. The older kinds of sacrifice Leviticus 2:1; Leviticus 3:1 when offered by individuals were purely voluntary: no special occasions were prescribed. But it was plainly commanded that he who was conscious that he had committed a sin should bring his sin-offering. In the abridged rules for sin-offerings in Numbers 15:22, the kind of sin for which sin-offerings were accepted

EXPOSITION THE SIN OFFERING (Leviticus 4:1, Leviticus 5:1). At the time of the Mosaic legislation, burnt offerings and meat offerings were already in existence, and had existed from the time of the Fall. A beginning, therefore, is made with them, and the regulations of the peace offerings naturally follow, because these sacrifices succeed in order to the burnt and meat offerings, and because sacrifices in some respects of the same nature as peace offerings had previously existed under a different name (cf. Exodus 10:25 with Exodus 24:5, and see above notes on...

AND THE LORD SPAKE UNTO MOSES, SAYING. Continued to speak to him, or, after some pause made, proceeded to speak to him, and give things in commandment concerning the sin offering, what it should be, and for whom, as follows....

4. THE SIN OFFERING Chapter S 4-5:13 _ 1. The second utterance of Jehovah (Leviticus 4:1)_ 2. The sin offering for the high priest (Leviticus 4:3) 3. The sin offering for the congregation (Leviticus 4:13) 4. The sin offering for the ruler (Leviticus 4:22) 5. The sin offering for one of the people (Leviticus 4:27) 6. The sin offering for special inadvertent offences (Leviticus 5:1) The burnt of

LEVITICUS 4:1 F. GENERAL STATEMENT. These sins are committed through error (RVm), when the sinner thinks that he is doing something else, or does not know that what he is doing is wrong; _i.e._ to us, they are not sins at all. _Cf._ Leviticus 4:22; Numbers 15:24; Joshua 20:3, and contrast the phrase, sinning with a high hand, _i.e._ deliberately (Numbers 15:30; _cf._ penalties in Leviticus 20:2 ff.); for this, only excommunication or death is pos

SPAKE. Introducing new class: _non savour_ offerings. The sweet savour offerings introduced by the word "called". See note on Leviticus 5:14....