Leviticus 4:15

_WHEN THE SIN, WHICH THEY HAVE SINNED AGAINST IT, IS KNOWN, THEN THE CONGREGATION SHALL OFFER A YOUNG BULLOCK FOR THE SIN, AND BRING HIM BEFORE THE TABERNACLE OF THE CONGREGATION._ No JFB commentary on these verses....

13-21 If the leaders of the people, through mistake, caused them to err, an offering must be brought, that wrath might not come upon the whole congregation. When sacrifices were offered, the persons, on whose behalf they were devoted, were to lay their hands on the heads of the victims, and to confess their sins. The elders were to do so, when the sacrifices were offered for the whole congregation. The load of sin was supposed then to be borne by the guiltless animal. When the offering is completed, it is said, atonement is made, and the sin shall be forgiven. The saving of churches and kingdoms from ruin, is owing to the satisfaction and mediation of Christ....

In this case the imposition of hands is performed by the elders in behalf of the nation. But in other respects the rites were performed by the high priest in the same manner as in the sin-offering for himself....

EXPOSITION THE SIN OFFERING (Leviticus 4:1, Leviticus 5:1). At the time of the Mosaic legislation, burnt offerings and meat offerings were already in existence, and had existed from the time of the Fall. A beginning, therefore, is made with them, and the regulations of the peace offerings naturally follow, because these sacrifices succeed in order to the burnt and meat offerings, and because sacrifices in some respects of the same nature as peace offerings had previously existed under a different name (cf. Exodus 10:25 with Exodus 24:5, and see above notes on...

AND THE ELDERS OF THE CONGREGATION SHALL LAY THEIR HANDS UPON THE HEAD OF THE BULLOCK BEFORE THE LORD,.... These must be two at least, some say three, and some say five h; the more generally received notion is, that they were three of the sanhedrim i; though the Targum of Jonathan makes them to be the twelve rulers of the twelve tribes: AND THE BULLOCK SHALL BE KILLED BEFORE THE LORD; in the court near the altar of burnt offering, either by a priest, or Levite, or by a butcher, as the above Targum expresses it. h Misn. Sotah, c. 9. sect. 1. i Maimon Bartenora in Misn. Menachot, c. 9. sect. 7. Maimon. Hilchot Maaseh Hakorbanot, c. 3. sect. 10....

4. THE SIN OFFERING Chapter S 4-5:13 _ 1. The second utterance of Jehovah (Leviticus 4:1)_ 2. The sin offering for the high priest (Leviticus 4:3) 3. The sin offering for the congregation (Leviticus 4:13) 4. The sin offering for the ruler (Leviticus 4:22) 5. The sin offering for one of the people (Leviticus 4:27) 6. The sin offering for special inadvertent offences (Leviticus 5:1) The burnt of

LEVITICUS 4:1 TO LEVITICUS 5:13. THE SIN OFFERING. This, and the guilt offering, whose ritual follows, are unknown before the Exile, save as fines (2 Kings 12:16; Amos 2:8). Ezek. mentions both, but is conscious of no difference between them. Probably the distinction between them grew up gradually (see on Ezekiel 5:14 ff.). The ritual is derived partly from that of the burnt offering and peace offering; partly from other old rites. No idea of substitution seems to be implied (though it is true that a ritual tablet from Babylonia states that idea very clearly; th

_The Sin-Offering for the congregation, a bullock_...

THE ELDERS OF THE CONGREGATION— They were to do this as representatives of the whole people, from whom they are plainly distinguished; see Leviticus 4:13. It is to be observed, that the same ceremonies are prescribed for the sins of the high-priest and of the whole congregation. The altar of sweet incense, in particular, Leviticus 4:7; Leviticus 4:18 was to be atoned for each; to remind them, that they were each unworthy to offer prayers to God, while in a state of sin, which polluted in a certain sense the very altar and sanctuary itself; see ch. Leviticus 16:9....

2. THE SIN OFFERING FOR THE CONGREGATION 4:13-21 TEXT 4:13-21 13 And if the whole congregation of Israel err, and the thing be hid from the eyes of the assembly, and they have done any of the things which Jehovah hath commanded not to be done, and are guilty; 14 when the sin wherein they have sinned is known, then the assembly shall offer a young bullock for a sin-offering, and bring it before the tent of meeting. 15 And the elders of the congregation shall lay their hands upon the head of the bullock before Jehovah; and the bullock shall be killed before Jehovah. 16 And the anointed priest shall bring of the blood of the bullock to the tent of meeting: 17 and the priest shall dip his finger in the blood, and sprinkle it seven times before Jehovah, before the veil. 18 And he shall put of the blood upon the horns of the altar which is before Jehovah, that is in the tent of meet...