Lucas 2:7

She brought forth her first-born son. — On the question whether anything may be inferred from the word “first-born,” as to the subsequent life of Mary and Joseph, see Note on Mateus 1:25.

Wrapped him in swaddling clothes. — After the manner of the East, then, as now, these were fastened tightly round the whole body of the child, confining both legs and arms.

Laid him in a manger. — A tradition found in the Apocryphal Gospel of the Infancy fixes a cave near Bethlehem as the scene of the Nativity, and Justin Martyr finds in this a fulfilment of the LXX. version of Isaías 33:16, “His place of defence shall be in a lofty cave.” Caves in the limestone rocks of Judæa were so often used as stables, that there is nothing improbable in the tradition. The present Church of the Nativity has beneath it a natural crypt or cavern, in which St. Jerome is said to have passed many years, compiling his Latin translation (that known as the Vulgate) of the Sacred Scriptures. The traditional ox and ass, which appear in well-nigh every stage of Christian art in pictures of the Nativity, are probably traceable to a fanciful interpretation of Isaías 1:3, which is, indeed, cited in the Apocryphal Gospel ascribed to St. Matthew, as being thus fulfilled.

There was no room for them in the inn. — The statement implies that the town was crowded with persons who had come up to be registered there — some, perhaps, exulting, like Joseph, in their descent from David. The inn of Bethlehem — what in modern Eastern travel is known as a khan or caravanserai, as distinct from a hostelry (the “inn” of Lucas 10:34) — offered the shelter of its walls and roofs, and that only. It had a memorable history of its own, being named in Jeremias 41:17, as the “inn of Chimham,” the place of rendezvous from which travellers started on their journey to Egypt. It was so called after the son of Barzillai, whom David seems to have treated as an adopted son (2 Samuel 19:37), and was probably built by him in his patron’s city as a testimony of his gratitude.