1 João 2:9-11

Here (1 João 2:9) is the chief way in which the old commandment, the new commandment, the word from the beginning, the walk in light would be manifested: brotherly love towards those with whom we have fellowship in Jesus Christ, God’s Son. And as He, by being the propitiation for the sins of the whole world, had declared the universality of God’s family and kingdom, so the sympathy of believers would extend in different degrees as far as the whole human race; to those first who were conscious of the same hopes as themselves; to those next who might be brought to share them; to those, perhaps, in a less degree, who in every nation feared God and worked righteousness without knowing the Saviour personally; and so on, finally, to all who did not wilfully excommunicate themselves. But the brotherly love would be chiefly amongst Christian friends, else it would be diffused into nothingness.

(9) He that saith... — The whole history of religious rancour has been a deplorable illustration of these words. Controversy for principles honestly and reasonably held is one thing: prejudice, spite, private censures and condemnations, harsh words, suspicions, jealousies, misunderstandings and misrepresentations are the chief props of the kingdom of darkness among Christian churches and nations. (Comp. João 13:34; João 15:12; 1 Coríntios 13:2; 1 Pedro 1:22; 2 Pedro 1:7.)

Hateth means not merely the absence of love, but the presence, in ever so small a degree, of dislike or any of the feelings already described, or those kindred to them.

(10) He that loveth. — From the associations connected with love in poetry and romance this saying sounds strange. But all such love is tinged with passion, and the desire of satisfying some personal lack; this is the pure disinterested seeking for another’s welfare, of which Christ was the great example. It is that which the modern scientific non-Christian world is trying to make its religion; but without the Christian motive, and cultivated for its own sake instead of by the working of the Spirit of God, it seems artificial and powerless.

Occasion of stumbling. — Stumbling - blok. (Comp. Isaías 8:14; Isaías 28:16; Salmos 119:165; João 11:9; Romanos 9:33; Romanos 14:13; 1 Coríntios 1:23; 1 Pedro 2:7.) When love such as Christ’s is the ruling principle of life, then the stumbling-blocks of human nature are removed — such as impurity, pride, selfishness, anger, envy, suspicion, unsympathetic coldness, censoriousness.

(11) But he that hateth. — 1 João 2:10 was an antithesis to 1 João 2:9; 1 João 2:11 is, after St. John’s manner, an antithesis again to 1 João 2:10, putting the matter of 1 João 2:9 more strongly and fully, and forcibly concluding the section which describes the walk in the light.

Walketh in darkness. — This describes the acts of the man whose selfishness or other sins interfere with his love. Such are all insisting upon class distinctions; all ambitions, political, social, or personal; everything that savours of shrinking from “in honour preferring one another.”

Knoweth not whither he goeth. — This refers to the “occasion of stumbling” in 1 João 2:10. He is sure to stumble; is like a blind man groping his way among pitfalls; has all the snares of human nature within him. (Comp. Isaías 6:9 et seq.; Mateus 13:14 et seq.; João 12:40; Atos 28:26; 2 Coríntios 4:4.)

Hath blinded. — Just as it is we ourselves who make the gate strait and the way narrow, so it is our own fault if the darkness settles down on our eyes.