Leviticus 11:19

_AND THESE ARE THEY WHICH YE SHALL HAVE IN ABOMINATION AMONG THE FOWLS; THEY SHALL NOT BE EATEN, THEY ARE AN ABOMINATION: THE EAGLE, AND THE OSSIFRAGE, AND THE OSPRAY,_ These are they ... abomination among the fowls. All birds of prey are particularly ranked in the class unclean-all those which feed on flesh and carrion; no less than 20 species of birds-all probably then known-are mentioned under this category; and the inference follows, that all which are not mentioned were allowed-that is, fowls which subsist on vegetable substances. From our imperfect knowledge of the natural history of Palestine, Arabia, and the contiguous countries, it is not easy to determine exactly what some of the prohibited birds are; although they must have been all well known among the people to whom these laws were given. THE EAGLE, х_ HANESHER_ (H5404)] - the golden eagle, which is the chief species (Ges...

Verse Leviticus 11:19. _THE STORK_] חסידה _chasidah_, from חסד _chasad,_ which signifies _to be abundant in kindness_, or _exuberant in acts_ _of beneficence_; hence applied to the _stork_, because of its _affection to its young_, and its kindness in tending and feeding its parents when old; facts attested by the best informed and most judicious of the Greek and Latin natural historians. See _Bochart, Scheuchzer_, and _Parkhurst_, under the word חסד _chasad_. It is remarkable for destroying and eating serpents, and on this account might be reckoned by Moses among _unclean_ birds. _THE HERON_] אנפה _anaphah_. This word has been variously understood: some have rendered it the _kite_, others the _woodcock_, others the _curlew_, some the _peacock_, others the _parrot_,

As far as they can be identified, the birds here mentioned are such as live upon animal food. They were those which the Israelites might have been tempted to eat, either from their being easy to obtain, or from the example of other nations, and which served as types of the entire range of prohibited kinds. Leviticus 11:13 THE EAGLE - Rather, the great vulture, which the Egyptians are known to have ranked as the first among birds. Compare 2 Samuel 1:23; Psalms 103:5; Proverbs 23:5, etc. The Ossifrage, or bone-breaker, was t

PART III UNCLEANNESS, CEREMONIAL AND MORAL: ITS REMOVAL OR ITS PUNISHMENT SECTION I EXPOSITION THE two preceding parts having made manifest the way of approach to God by means of sacrifice and the appointed priesthood of mediation, there follows a part having for its subject that which keeps man apart from God, namely, uncleanness, whether ceremonial uncleanness, which may be removed by ceremonial observances, or moral uncleanness, that is, unrighteousness, which, so far as it is a ceremonial offense, may be also dealt with ceremonially, but in respect to its moral character demands punishment. This part consists of four sections. The _first _section, comprising chapters 11-15, treats of ceremonial uncleanness, caused...

AND THE STORK,..... A bird of passage, Jeremiah 8:7 it has its name from kindness, which it exercises both to its dam, and to its young. Various writers b speak of the kindness of these birds to their dams, which when they are old they take care of and feed them, to which the apostle is thought to allude, 1 Timothy 5:4 and its tenderness to its young is no less manifest: when the city of Delf in Holland was on fire, the storks were seen very busy to save their young from the flames, and which when they could not do, threw themselves into the midst of them, and perished with them, as Drusius from the Dutch historians relates. It is said to feed upon serpents; and hence by Virgil c to be "invisa colubris"; and Juvenal d says, it nourishes its young with them; and which may be a reason of its being forbid to be

III. HOLINESS DEMANDED 1. The Clean and the Unclean CHAPTER 11 _ 1. Concerning the beasts on the earth (Leviticus 11:1)_ 2. Concerning things in the water (Leviticus 11:9) 3. Concerning flying and creeping things (Leviticus 11:13) 4. Concerning defilement with dead bodies (Leviticus 11:24) The Chapter s which form the third section of Leviticus are by some taken to give evidence that not Moses, but another person arranged the material of the book. Even men who do not deny the inspiration of the book claim that the hand of a redactor is here discovered. In their opi

FIRST PROHIBITION. Animals, etc., not allowed for food. The test is, Is it cloven-footed, and does it chew the cud? For fishes, Has it fins and scales? No test of this nature can be given for birds; leaping insects are clean, insects which only fly, unclean. The tests, especially the first, are clearly artificial and not original; _e.g._ in the case of swine. Undoubtedly, in primitive thought, each species, allowed or banned, is classed on its merits; but later legislators would naturally be puzzled by the apparent caprice, and desire to find some principle. Leviticus 11:5. Coney, as RVm (Proverbs 30:26 *). Leviticus 11:13. Eagle denotes the majestic and abundant carrion vulture, t

STORK. Hebrew. _chasidah,_ "the pious": rendered "stork" in Job 39:13 (margin) Psalms 104:17; Jeremiah 8:7; Zechariah 5:9. HERON. Hebrew. _'anaphah,_ "the cruel". LAPWING. Better, the hoopoe,. dirty bird. BAT.. vile creature and symbol of evil (Isaiah 2:20): comes last as. link between two classes, quadrupeds and birds....

Leviticus 11:1-23 [51]. The Distinction between Clean and Unclean Food [51] For the sources from which this ch. comes, and its relation from a critical point of view to Deuteronomy 14:3 ff. see App. I (_c_), pp. 162 f. One principle underlying this distinction appears to have been that animals which were recognised as in any way objects of worship by heathen neighbours, or even supposed by them to be connected with unseen supernatural beings, were to be considered unclean. See Bertholet in _KHC._, introd. note to this ch. But in other cases the prohibition probably rested on the animal's repulsive appearance or uncleanly habits, or on sanitary or totemistic grounds. See Driver, _Deut._p. 164, and Rob.-Sm. _OTJC_. 2 p. 366. A list of animals which may and ma

THE LAPWING— The word rendered _lapwing,_ says Parkhurst, דוכיפת _dukipat,_ is the _upupa_ or _houp,_ a most unclean and filthy bird. So the LXX εποψ, and the Vulgate _upupa._ See Bochart, vol. 3: p. 343-9. _Note:_ God's people must not be rapacious, nor allow themselves in any deeds of impurity or darkness: such are still forbidden things....